300 từ vựng SSAT học sinh lớp 7 cần biết

Để giúp cho  các bạn học sinh lớp 6, 7 chuẩn bị cho bài thi SSAT Middle Level, GLEN Education tổng hợp danh sách những từ vựng quan trọng các em cần ghi nhớ. Các bạn học sinh có thể sử dụng danh sách này để thêm những từ đồng nghĩa, trái nghĩa vào bên cạnh từ vựng để có thể đạt hiệu quả tốt hơn. Chúc các bạn học tập tốt! 

No	Word	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
1	alien	/ˈeɪ.li.ən/	coming from a different country, race, or group	When I first went to New York, it all felt very alien to me.
2	galaxy	/ˈɡæl.ək.si/	one of the independent groups of stars in the universe	Present tonight at the long-awaited opening of this film are a whole galaxy of stars from the acting and musical professions.
3	humane	/hjuːˈmeɪn/	showing kindness, care, and sympathy towards others, especially those who are suffering	The humane way of dealing with a suffering animal (= the way that causes the least pain) is to kill it quickly.
4	planetary	/ˈplæn.ɪ.tər.i/	relating to planets	I thoroughly enjoyed reading it, because it reminded me of why the planetary exploration game is worth it.
5	tranquil	/ˈtræŋ.kwɪl/	calm and peaceful and without noise, violence, worry, etc.	She stared at the tranquil surface of the water.
6	diplomatic	/ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk/	involving diplomats or the management of the relationships between countries	The US severed diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1961.
7	ghastly	/ˈɡɑːst.li/	unpleasant and shocking	Today's newspaper gives all the ghastly details of the murder.
8	mortal	/ˈmɔː.təl/	(of living things, especially people) unable to continue living for ever; having to die	For all men are mortal.
9	satellite	/ˈsæt.əl.aɪt/	a device sent up into space to travel around the earth, used for collecting information or communicating by radio, television, etc.	The World Cup was transmitted around the world by satellite.
10	velocity	/vəˈlɒs.ə.ti/	the speed at which an object is travelling	Light travels at the highest achievable velocity in the universe.
11	ally	/ˈæl.aɪ/	a country that has agreed officially to give help and support to another one, especially during a war	The US is one of Britain's staunchest allies.
12	destiny	/ˈdes.tɪ.ni/	the things that will happen in the future	The destiny of our nation depends on this vote!
13	fugitive	/ˈfjuː.dʒə.tɪv/	a person who is running away or hiding from the police or a dangerous situation	Thousands of fugitives are fleeing from the war-torn area.
14	invade	/ɪnˈveɪd/	to enter a country by force with large numbers of soldiers in order to take possession of it	Concentrations of troops near the border look set to invade within the next few days.
15	overture	/ˈəʊ.və.tjʊər/	a piece of music that is an introduction to a longer piece, especially an opera	The instrumental music in the opera comprises two overtures, a pantomimic march, and several preludes and interludes to vocal numbers.
16	avert	/əˈvɜːt/	to prevent something bad from happening	One study (7) estimated that for an experienced sports surgeon, 4% of the arthroscopies could have been averted compared with 14% for the other physicians.
17	fascinate	/ˈfæs.ən.eɪt/	to interest someone a lot	Science has always fascinated me.
18	gesture	/ˈdʒes.tʃər/	a movement of the hands, arms, or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling	The prisoner raised his fist in a gesture of defiance as he was led out of the courtroom.
19	luminous	/ˈluː.mɪ.nəs/	producing or reflecting bright light, especially in the dark	The library was lit by the luminous glow of laptops.
20	stellar	/ˈstel.ər/	of a star or stars	a stellar explosion
21	abstract	/ˈæb.strækt/	existing as an idea, feeling, or quality, not as a material object	Truth and beauty are abstract concepts
22	controversial	/ˌkɒn.trəˈvɜː.ʃəl/	causing disagreement or discussion	The book was very controversial.
23	eventual	/ɪˈven.tʃu.əl/	happening or existing at a later time or at the end, especially after a lot of effort, problems, etc.	The Dukes were the eventual winners of the competition.
24	inferior	/ɪnˈfɪə.ri.ər/	not good, or not as good as someone or something else	These products are inferior to those we bought last year.
25	obsolete	/ˌɒb.səlˈiːt/	not in use any more, having been replaced by something newer and better or more fashionable	Gas lamps became obsolete when electric lighting was invented.
26	absurd	/əbˈsɜːd/	stupid and unreasonable, or silly in a humorous way	Don't be so absurd! Of course I want you to come.
27	defiant	/dɪˈfaɪ.ənt/	proudly refusing to obey authority	The protesters blocking the entrance to the offices remained defiant this morning.
28	grotesque	/ɡrəʊˈtesk/	strange and unpleasant, especially in a silly or slightly frightening way	By now she'd had so much cosmetic surgery that she looked quite grotesque.
29	mere	/mɪər/	used to emphasize that something is not large or important	The plane crashed mere minutes after take-off.
30	technique	/tekˈniːk/	a way of doing an activity that needs skill	We have developed a new technique for detecting errors in the manufacturing process.
31	conform	/kənˈfɔːm/	to behave according to the usual standards of behaviour that are expected by a group or society	At our school, you were required to conform, and there was no place for originality.
32	deliberate	/dɪˈlɪb.ər.ət/	(often of something bad) intentional or planned	We made a deliberate decision to live apart for a while.
33	excess	/ɪkˈses/	an amount that is more than acceptable, expected, or reasonable	An excess of enthusiasm is not always a good thing.
34	offend	/əˈfend/	to make someone upset or angry	[ + that ] I think she was offended that she hadn't been invited to the party.
35	reality	/riˈæl.ə.ti/	the state of things as they are, rather than as they are imagined to be	The reality of the situation is that unless we find some new funding soon, the youth centre will have to close.
36	consequence	/ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwəns/	a result of a particular action or situation, often one that is bad or not convenient	Not making a will can have serious consequences for your children and other family members.
37	distort	/dɪˈstɔːt/	to change the shape of something so that it looks strange or unnatural	The map distorted Greenland to appear four times its actual size.
38	impact	/ˈɪm.pækt/	the force or action of one object hitting another	The impact of the crash reduced the car to a third of its original length.
39	originality	/əˌrɪdʒ.ənˈæl.ə.ti/	the quality of being specialand interesting and not the same as anything or anyone else	We were impressed by the originality of the children's work.
40	recoil	/rɪˈkɔɪl/	to move back because of fear or disgust (= dislike or disapproval)	He leaned forward to kiss her and she recoiled in horror.
41	congregate	/ˈkɒŋ.ɡrɪ.ɡeɪt/	to come together in a large group of people or animals	A crowd congregated around the entrance to the theatre, hoping to catch a glimpse of the stars of the show.
42	hover	/ˈhɒv.ər/	to stay in one place in the air, usually by moving the wings quickly	A hawk hovered in the sky, waiting to swoop down on its prey.
43	leash	/liːʃ/	a piece of rope, chain, etc. tied to an animal, especially to a dog at its collar when taking it for a walk	Please keep your dog on a leash when on the beach.
44	maturity	/məˈtʃʊə.rə.ti/	the quality of behaving mentally and emotionally like an adult	Competition effects between sward maturities were not significant, and bite rate did not change significantly over days of observation, in either experiment.
45	signify	/ˈsɪɡ.nɪ.faɪ/	to be a sign of something; to mean	Nobody really knows what the marks on the ancient stones signify.
46	haunt	/hɔːnt/	to cause repeated suffering or anxiety	Fighting in Vietnam was an experience that would haunt him for the rest of his life.
47	ignorance	/ˈɪɡ.nər.əns/	lack of knowledge, understanding, or information about something	Public ignorance about the disease is still a cause for concern.
48	loiter	/ˈlɔɪ.tər/	to move slowly around or stand in a public place without an obvious reason	A gang of youths were loitering outside the cinema.
49	motive	/ˈməʊ.tɪv/	a reason for doing something	Why would she have killed him? She has no motive.
50	supervise	/ˈsuː.pə.vaɪz/	to watch a person or activity to make certain that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.	The UN is supervising the distribution of aid by local agencies in the disaster area.
51	audible	/ˈɔː.də.bəl/	able to be heard	The lecturer spoke so quietly that he was scarcely audible at the back of the hall.
52	conspicuous	/kənˈspɪk.ju.əs/	very noticeable or attracting attention, often in a way that is not wanted	In China, her blonde hair was conspicuou
53	idle	/ˈaɪ.dəl/	not working or being used	Half these factories now stand idle.
54	modest	/ˈmɒd.ɪst/	not large in size or amount, or not expensive	They live in a fairly modest house,considering their wealth.
55	subtle	/ˈsʌt.əl/	not loud, bright, noticeable, or obvious in any way	The room was painted a subtle shade of pink.
56	candid	/ˈkæn.dɪd/	honest and telling the truth, especially about something difficult or painful
57	diaphragm	/ˈdaɪ.ə.fræm/	the muscle that separates the chest from the lower part of the body
58	lenient	/ˈliː.ni.ənt/	not as severe or strong in punishment or judgment as would be expected	They believe that judges are too lenient with terrorist suspects.
59	notorious	/nəʊˈtɔː.ri.əs/	famous for something bad	The company is notorious for paying its bills late.
60	threshold	/ˈθreʃ.həʊld/	the floor of an entrance to a building or room	I have a low/high boredom threshold (= I do/don't feel bored easily).
61	aggravate	/ˈæɡ.rə.veɪt/	to make a bad situation worse	Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion.
62	caliber	/ˈkæl.ə.bɚ/	the quality of someone or something, especially someone's ability	If teaching paid more it might attract people of (a) higher caliber.
63	eloquent	/ˈel.ə.kwənt/	giving a clear, strong message	She made an eloquent appeal for action.
64	maintain	/meɪnˈteɪn/	to continue to have; to keep in existence, or not allow to become less	The army has been brought in to maintain order in the region.
65	placid	/ˈplæs.ɪd/	having a calm appearance or characteristics	She was a very placid (= calm and not easily excited) child who slept all night and hardly ever cried.
66	anticipate	/ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/	to imagine or expect that something will happen	We had one or two difficulties along the way that we didn't anticipate.
67	distract	/dɪˈstrækt/	to make someone stop giving their attention to something	He tried to distract attention from his own illegal activities.
68	fulfill	/fʊlˈfɪl/	to do something that is expected, hoped for, or promised, or to cause it to happen	At the age of 45, she finally fulfilled her ambition to run a marathon.
69	phase	/feɪz/	any stage in a series of events or in a process of development	The project is only in its initial phase as yet, but it's looking quite promising.
70	porcelain	/ˈpɔː.səl.ɪn/	a hard but delicate, shiny, white substance made by heating a special type of clay to a high temperature, used to make cups, plates, decorations, etc.	The tea cups are (made of) porcelain.
71	dashing	/ˈdæʃ.ɪŋ/	attractive in a confident, exciting, and stylish way	a dashing young soldier
72	flaw	/flɔː/	a fault, mistake, or weakness, especially one that happens while something is being planned or made, or that causes something not to be perfect	I returned the material because it had a flaw in it.
73	obligation	/ˌɒb.lɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/	the fact that you are obliged to do something	You have a legal obligation to (= the law says you must) ensure your child receives an education.
74	optional	/ˈɒp.ʃən.əl/	If something is optional, you can choose if you want to do it, pay it, buy it, etc.	English is compulsory for all students, but art and music are optional.
75	spontaneous	/spɒnˈteɪ.ni.əs/	happening or done in a natural, often sudden way, without any planning or without being forced	His jokes seemed spontaneous, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.
76	dismal	/ˈdɪz.məl/	sad and without hope	a dismal expression
77	frail	/freɪl/	weak or unhealthy, or easily damaged, broken, or harmed	I last saw him just last week and thought how old and frail he looked.
78	obstinate	/ˈɒb.stɪ.nət/	unreasonably determined, especially to act in a particular way and not to change at all, despite what anyone else says	He can be very obstinate at times
79	principally	/ˈprɪn.sɪ.pəl.i/	The advertising campaign is aimed principally at women.	mainly
80	tiresome	/ˈtaɪə.səm/	annoying and making you lose patience	I find it very tiresome doing the same job day after day.
81	authentic	/ɔːˈθen.tɪk/	If something is authentic, it is real, true, or what people say it is	He was there and saw what happened, so his is the only authentic account.
82	contemplate	/ˈkɒn.təm.pleɪt/	to spend time considering a possible future action, or to consider one particular thing for a long time in a serious and quiet way	They were contemplating a move to California.
83	formal	/ˈfɔː.məl/	public or official	The procedure that we described above can be used repeatedly, until all formals have been eliminated from all functions in the program.
84	interpret	/ɪnˈtɜː.prɪt/	to decide what the intended meaning of something is	It's difficult to interpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.
85	myth	/mɪθ/	an ancient story or set of stories, especially explaining the early history of a group of people or about natural events and facts	Most societies have their own creation myths.
86	comparable	/ˈkɒm.pər.ə.bəl/	similar in size, amount, or quality to something else	The girls are of comparable ages.
87	dual	/ˈdʒuː.əl/	with two parts, or combining two things	This room has a dual purpose, serving as both a study and a dining room.
88	immortal	/ɪˈmɔː.təl/	living or lasting for ever	The priest said he was endangering his immortal soul.
89	legendary	/ˈledʒ.ən.dri/	very famous and admired or spoken about	He became editor of the legendary Irish journal "The Bell".
90	profound	/prəˈfaʊnd/	felt or experienced very strongly or in an extreme way	His mother's death when he was aged six had a very profound effect on him.
91	cherish	/ˈtʃer.ɪʃ/	to love, protect, and care for someone or something that is important to you	Although I cherish my children, I do allow them their independence.
92	crucial	/ˈkruː.ʃəl/	extremely important or necessary	Her work has been crucial to the project's success.
93	gratify	/ˈɡræt.ɪ.faɪ/	to please someone, or to satisfy a wish or need	We were gratified by the response to our appeal.
94	mythology	/mɪˈθɒl.ə.dʒi/	myths in general	She's fascinated by the stories of classical mythology (= ancient Greek and Roman myths).
95	versatile	/ˈvɜː.sə.taɪl/	able to change easily from one activity to another or able to be used for many different purposes	He's a very versatile young actor who's as happy in highbrow dramas as he is in TV comedies.
96	consistent	/kənˈsɪs.tənt/	always behaving or happening in a similar, especially positive, way	There has been a consistent improvement in her attitude.
97	designate	/ˈdez.ɪɡ.neɪt/	to choose someone officially to do a particular job	Traditionally, the president designates his or her successor.
98	indispensable	/ˌɪn.dɪˈspen.sə.bəl/	Something or someone that is indispensable is so good or important that you could not manage without it, him, or her	This book is an indispensable resource for researchers.
99	resolve	/rɪˈzɒlv/	to solve or end a problem or difficulty	The couple resolved their differences and made an effort to get along.
100	vigor	/ˈvɪɡ.ɚ/	strength, energy, or enthusiasm	They went to work with youthful vigor and enthusiasm.
101	discrimination	/dɪˌskrɪm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/	treating a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because of their skin colour, sex, sexuality, etc.	Until 1986 most companies would not even allow women to take the exams, but such blatant discrimination is now disappearing.
102	illustrious	/ɪˈlʌs.tri.əs/	famous, well respected, and admired	She comes from an illustrious political family that includes two former Cabinet ministers.
103	legitimate	/ləˈdʒɪt.ə.mət/	allowed by law	The army must give power back to the legitimate government.
104	moderate	/ˈmɒd.ər.ət/	neither small nor large in size, amount, degree, or strength	The cabin is of moderate size - just right for a small family.
105	partial	/ˈpɑː.ʃəl/	not complete	The general has ordered a partial withdrawal of troops from the area.
106	guarantee	/ˌɡær.ənˈtiː/	a promise that something will be done or will happen, especially a written promise by a company to repair or change a product that develops a fault within a particular period of time	The system costs £99.95 including shipping and handling and a twelve-month guarantee.
107	initial	/ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/	of or at the beginning	My initial surprise was soon replaced by delight.
108	merit	/ˈmer.ɪt/	the quality of being good and deserving praise	Brierley's book has the merit of being both informative and readable.
109	moral	/ˈmɒr.əl/	relating to the standards of good or bad behaviour, fairness, honesty, etc. that each person believes in, rather than to laws	It's her moral obligation to tell the police what she knows.
110	unison	/ˈjuː.nɪ.sən/	the playing or singing of notes at the same pitch by different instruments or voices	Here the tenors are in unison with the basses.
111	constitution	/ˌkɒn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/	the set of political principles by which a state or organization is governed, especially in relation to the rights of the people it governs	Britain has no written constitution
112	hypocrite	/ˈhɪp.ə.krɪt/	someone who says they have particular moral beliefs but behaves in way that shows these are not sincere	He's a hypocrite - he's always lecturing other people on the environment but he drives around in a huge car.
113	indirect	/ˌɪn.daɪˈrekt/	happening in addition to an intended result, often in a way that is complicated or not obvious	The benefits from pure research are often indirect.
114	notable	/ˈnəʊ.tə.bəl/	important and deserving attention, because of being very good or interesting	This attractive building is particularly notable for its woodland setting.
115	segregation	/ˌseɡ.rɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/	the policy of keeping one group of people apart from another and treating them differently, especially because of race, sex, or religion	The community fought to end segregation in schools and housing.
116	elective	/iˈlek.tɪv/	voted for or chosen	The memorandum of the electives absolutely denies that there is any racial antipathy.
117	indefinite	/ɪnˈdef.ɪ.nət/	not exact, not clear, or without clear limits	The project has been postponed for an indefinite period.
118	judicial	/dʒuːˈdɪʃ.əl/	involving a law court	The judicial and psychiatric heterogeneity might also have concealed possible deviations in working memory and\or planning present in certain subgroups.
119	prudent	/ˈpruː.dənt/	careful and avoiding risks	[ + to infinitive ] It's always prudent to read a contract carefully before signing it.
120	veto	/ˈviː.təʊ/	an official power or right to refuse to accept or allow something	The president has the power of veto over any bill that comes across his desk.
121	credible	/ˈkred.ə.bəl/	able to be believed or trusted	They haven't produced any credible evidence for convicting him.
122	legible	/ˈledʒ.ə.bəl/	Legible writing or print can be read easily	Her handwriting is barely legible.
123	mastery	/ˈmɑː.stər.i/	complete control of something	her mastery of the situation
124	refrain	/rɪˈfreɪn/	to avoid doing or stop yourself from doing something	We refrained from talking until we knew that it was safe.
125	tutor	/ˈtʃuː.tər/	a teacher who teaches a child outside of school, especially in order to give the child extra help with a subject he or she finds difficult	His parents got him a tutor to help with his maths.
126	grammatical	/ɡrəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/	relating to grammar or obeying the rules of grammar	Today we're going to have another look at the grammatical structure of a sentence
127	manuscript	/ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt/	the original copy of a book or article before it is printed	He sent the 400-page manuscript to his publisher.
128	participate	/pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/	to take part in or become involved in an activity	She never participates in any of our discussions, does she?
129	revise	/rɪˈvaɪz/	to look at or consider again an idea, piece of writing, etc. in order to correct or improve it	His helpfulness today has made me revise my original opinion/impression of him.
130	usage	/ˈjuː.sɪdʒ/	the way a particular word in a language, or a language in general, is used	The earliest recorded usage of the word is in the twelfth century.
131	dialogue	/ˈdaɪ.ə.lɒɡ/	conversation that is written for a book, play, or film	The play contained some very snappy/witty dialogue.
132	faculty	/ˈfæk.əl.ti/	a natural ability to hear, see, think, move, etc.	Even at the age of 100, she still had all her faculties.
133	journal	/ˈdʒɜː.nəl/	a serious magazine or newspaper that is published regularly about a particular subject	He became editor of the legendary Irish journal 'The Bell'.
134	narration	/nəˈreɪ.ʃən/	a spoken description of events given during a film or television programme	Dame Judi Dench did the narration for the documentary.
135	prose	/prəʊz/	written language in its ordinary form rather than poetry	I've always preferred reading prose to poetry.
136	editorial	editorial	an article in a newspaper that expresses the editor's opinion on a subject of particular interest at the present time	All the papers deal with the same subject in their editorials.
137	forum	/ˈfɔː.rəm/	a situation or meeting in which people can talk about a problem or matter especially of public interest	Examples are writing op-ed articles and speaking out in public forums - now merely occasional.
138	literary	/ˈlɪt.ər.ər.i/	connected with literature	She has been described as the creative colossus of the literary world.
139	persuasion	/pəˈsweɪ.ʒən/	the action of persuading someone or of being persuaded	It took a lot of persuasion to convince the committee of the advantages of the new plan.
140	symbolic	/sɪmˈbɒl.ɪk/	representing something else	The skull at the bottom of the picture is symbolic of death.
141	adhere	/ədˈhɪər/	to stick firmly	A smooth, dry surface helps the tiles adhere to the wall.
142	maneuver	/məˈnuː.vər/	to handle and move something carefully or with difficulty	[ T ] I maneuvered the grocery cart around piles of boxes to the checkout counter.
143	opponent	/əˈpəʊ.nənt/	a person who disagrees with something and speaks against it or tries to change it	Leading opponents of the proposed cuts in defence spending will meet later today.
144	penetrate	/ˈpen.ɪ.treɪt/	to move into or through something	Amazingly, the bullet did not penetrate his brain.
145	tactics	/ˈtæk.tɪk/	a planned way of doing something	These bomb attacks represent a change of tactics by the terrorists.
146	forbidding	/fəˈbɪd.ɪŋ/	unfriendly and likely to be unpleasant or harmful	With storm clouds rushing over them, the mountains looked dark and forbidding.
147	minority	/maɪˈnɒr.ə.ti/	a smaller number or part	It's only a tiny minority of people who are causing the problem.
148	participant	/pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.pənt/	a person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity	She has been an active participant in the discussion.
149	recommend	/ˌrek.əˈmend/	to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done	She has been recommended for promotion.
150	yield	/jiːld/	to supply or produce something positive such as a profit, an amount of food or information	The investigation yielded some unexpected results.
151	excel	/ɪkˈsel/	to be extremely good at something	Rebecca always excelled in languages at school.
152	fatigue	/fəˈtiːɡ/	extreme tiredness	She was suffering from fatigue.
153	intellect	/ˈɪn.təl.ekt/	the ability to understand and to think in an intelligent way	Her energy and intellect are respected all over the world.
154	officially	/əˈfɪʃ.əl.i/	formally and in a way agreed to or arranged by people in positions of authority	The royal engagement was announced officially this morning.
155	pursure	/pəˈsjuː/	to follow someone or something, usually to try to catch him, her, or it	He was killed by the driver of a stolen car who was being hotly pursued by the police.
156	expand	/ɪkˈspænd/	to increase in size, number, or importance, or to make something increase in this way	The air in the balloon expands when heated.
157	hardy	/ˈhɑː.di/	strong enough to bear extreme conditions or difficult situations
158	obstacle	/ˈɒb.stə.kəl/	something that blocks you so that movement, going forward, or action is prevented or made more difficult	The biggest obstacle in our way was a tree trunk in the road
159	opposition	/ˌɒp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/	strong disagreement	There is a lot of opposition to the proposed changes.
160	scholarship	/ˈskɒl.ə.ʃɪp/	serious, detailed study	a work of great scholarship
161	adopt	/əˈdɒpt/	to legally take another person's child into your own family and take care of him or her as your own child	They have no children of their own, but they're hoping to adopt
162	blemish	/ˈblem.ɪʃ/	a mark on something that spoils its appearance	Fruits without blemishes were regarded as marketable.
163	immature	/ˌɪm.əˈtʃʊər/	not behaving in a way that is as calm and wise as people expect from someone of your age	She's rather immature for her age, don't you think?
164	intolerable	/ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bəl/	too bad or unpleasant to deal with or accept	The situation has become intolerable
165	rival	/ˈraɪ.vəl/	a person, group, etc. competing with others for the same thing or in the same area	The companies produce rival versions of the toy
166	anguish	/ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/	extreme unhappiness caused by physical or mental suffering	His anguish at the outcome of the court case was very clea
167	crisis	/ˈkraɪ.sɪs/	a time of great disagreement, confusion, or suffering	The country's leadership is in crisis.
168	inhabit	/ɪnˈhæb.ɪt/	to live in a place	These remote islands are inhabited only by birds.
169	maternal	/məˈtɜː.nəl/	behaving or feeling in the way that a mother does towards her child, especially in a kind, loving way	She is very maternal towards her employees
170	self-conscious	/ˌselfˈkɒn.ʃəs/	nervous or uncomfortable because you are worried about what people think about you or your actions	He looked uncomfortable, like a self-conscious adolescent.
171	acute	/əˈkjuːt/	If a bad situation is acute, it causes severe problems or damage	She felt acute embarrassment/anxiety/concern at his behaviour.
172	hysterical	/hɪˈster.ɪ.kəl/	unable to control your feelings or behaviour because you are extremely frightened, angry, excited, etc.	The police were accused of hysterical over-reaction.
173	ridicule	/ˈrɪd.ɪ.kjuːl/	unkind words or actions that make someone or something look stupid	She was treated with scorn and ridicule by her colleagues when she applied for the job.
174	timid	/ˈtɪm.ɪd/	shy and nervous; without much confidence; easily frightened	My dog is a little timid - especially around other dogs.
175	vague	/veɪɡ/	not clearly expressed, known, described, or decided	I do have a vague memory of meeting her many years ago
176	hesitation	/ˌhez.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/	the act of pausing before doing something, especially because you are nervous or not certain	After a slight hesitation, she began to speak
177	irritable	/ˈɪr.ɪ.tə.bəl/	becoming annoyed very easily	Be careful what you say - he's rather irritable today
178	tendency	/ˈten.dən.si/	If someone has a tendency to do or like something, they will probably do it or like it	[ + to infinitive ] His tendency to exaggerate
179	turmoil	/ˈtɜː.mɔɪl/	a state of confusion, uncertainty, or disorder	The country is in a state of political turmoil.
180	wretched	/ˈretʃ.ɪd/	unpleasant or of low quality	The people live in wretched conditions, with no running water
181	barbarous	/ˈbɑː.bər.əs/	extremely cruel or unpleasant, or failing to reach acceptable social standards	His murder was an outrageous and barbarous act.
182	era	/ˈɪə.rə/	a period of time of which particular events or stages of development are typical	They had worked for peace during the long era of conflict.
183	grandeur	/ˈɡræn.dʒər/	the quality of being very large and special or beautiful	This representation of rich textiles and fabrics served to heighten the illusion of the grandeur, the splendour and the power of the king.
184	pageant	/ˈpædʒ.ənt/	a competition for young women in which they are judged on their beauty and other qualities	a beauty pagean
185	serf	/sɜːf/	a member of a low social class in medieval times who worked on the land and had to obey the person who owned that land	Without exception, each mollusc species serves as first intermediate host to at least one trematode species.
186	baron	/ˈbær.ən/	a low-ranking male member of the nobility (= group of people from a high social class)	The king's barons together attempted to restrain him from innovatory acts of misgovernment.
187	fortress	/ˈfɔː.trəs/	a large, strong building or group of buildings that can be defended from attack	People are feeling insecure; they want their home to be a fortress.
188	monarchy	/ˈmɒn.ə.ki/	a country that has a king or queen	In politics, she attempts to 'reconcile the freedom of republics and the tranquillity of monarchies'.
189	proclamation	/ˌprɒk.ləˈmeɪ.ʃən/	an official announcement	A bloody civil war followed the proclamation of an independent state.
190	tyrant	/ˈtaɪə.rənt/	a ruler who has unlimited power over other people, and uses it unfairly and cruelly	Tamir, one of several sons of the exiled ruler, vowed he would liberate his country from the tyrant.
191	absolute	/ˈæb.sə.luːt/	very great or to the largest degree possible	I have absolute faith in her judgment.
192	cultural	/ˈkʌl.tʃər.əl/	relating to the habits, traditions, and beliefs of a society	The US is often accused of cultural imperialism
193	lure	/lʊər/	the quality or power that something or someone has that makes it, him, or her attractive	Conspiratorial theories were the rage as arsenal managers blamed the immoral practices of other industrialists for luring their workers.
194	status	/ˈsteɪ.təs/	an accepted or official position, especially in a social group	The association works to promote the status of retired people as useful members of the community.
195	valiant	/ˈvæl.i.ənt/	very brave or bravely determined, especially when things are difficult or the situation gives no cause for hope	The company has made a valiant effort/attempt in the last two years to make itself more efficient.
196	banish	/ˈbæn.ɪʃ/	to send someone away, especially from their country, and not allow them to come back	He was banished to an uninhabited island for a year.
197	illusion	/ɪˈluː.ʒən/	an idea or belief that is not true	He had no illusions about his talents as a singer.
198	perilous	/ˈper.əl.əs/	extremely dangerous	The country roads are quite perilous.
199	toil	/tɔɪl/	hard work, especially work that makes you feel physically tired	Lindi has achieved her comfortable life only after years of hard toil
200	vengeance	/ˈven.dʒəns/	the punishing of someone for harming you or your friends or family, or the wish for such punishment to happen	On the day after the terrorist attack, the overall mood in the town was one of vengeance.
201	antiseptic	/ˌæn.tiˈsep.tɪk/	a chemical used for preventing infection in an injury, especially by killing bacteria	Many of the ingredients for antiseptics come from the rainforest
202	endurance	/ɪnˈdʒʊə.rəns/	the ability to keep doing something difficult, unpleasant, or painful for a long time	Running a marathon is a test of human endurance
203	immune	/ɪˈmjuːn/	protected against a particular disease by particular substances in the blood	Most people who've had chickenpox once are immune to it for the rest of their lives.
204	optical	/ˈɒp.tɪ.kəl/	relating to light or the ability to see	Her eye tests revealed that she has no optical defects.
205	parasite	/ˈpær.ə.saɪt/	an animal or plant that lives on or in another animal or plant of a different type and feeds from it	The older drugs didn't deal effectively with the malaria parasite
206	edible	/ˈed.ə.bəl/	suitable or safe for eating	Only the leaves of the plant are edible.
207	glucose	/ˈɡluː.kəʊs/	a type of sugar that is found in plants, especially fruit, and supplies an important part of the energy that animals need	It is possible, therefore, that reduced synaptic pruning (and therefore, elevated glucose metabolism) will be a symptom shared by several different groups with developmental disorders.
208	nutrition	/njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/	the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health	Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery
209	organism	/ˈɔː.ɡən.ɪ.zəm/	a single living plant, animal, virus, etc.	Amoebae and bacteria are single-celled organisms.
210	pigment	/ˈpɪɡ.mənt/	a substance that gives something a particular colour when it is present in it or is added to it	Melanin is the dark brown pigment of the hair, skin, and eyes that is present in varying amounts in every human being.
211	camouflage	/ˈkæm.ə.flɑːʒ/	the use of leaves, branches, paints, and clothes for hiding soldiers or military equipment so that they cannot be seen against the area around them	Occasionally, culturally camouflaged informers helped achieve significant results.
212	mammal	/ˈmæm.əl/	any animal of which the female feeds her young on milk from her own body. Most mammals give birth to live young, not eggs	Humans, dogs, elephants, and dolphins are all mammals, but birds, fish, and crocodiles are not.
213	nocturnal	/nɒkˈtɜː.nəl/	being active or happening at night rather than during the day	They are nocturnal creatures, which helps them avoid predators such as hawks and owls.
214	seasonal	/ˈsiː.zən.əl/	relating to or happening during a particular period in the year	Workers typically came north on a seasonal basis.
215	undergrowth	/ˈʌn.də.ɡrəʊθ/	a mass of bushes, small trees, and plants, especially growing under the trees in a forest	Police discovered the body hidden in thick undergrowth.
216	habitat	/ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/	the natural environment in which an animal or plant usually lives	With so many areas of woodland being cut down, a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat.
217	naturalist	/ˈnætʃ.ər.əl.ɪst/	a person who writes, paints, etc. in the style of naturalism	Actually, microscopes remained an essential tool for many anatomists and naturalists throughout the eighteenth century.
218	preservation	/ˌprez.əˈveɪ.ʃən/	the act of keeping something the same or of preventing it from being damaged	There is great public concern about some of the chemicals used in food preservation.
219	temperate	/ˈtem.pər.ət/	(of weather conditions) neither very hot nor very cold	Temperate trees are highly seasonal, and the animals must be too.
220	zoology	/zuːˈɒl.ə.dʒi/	the scientific study of animals, especially their structure	Controlled interventionist experimentation could help to move beyond the "wanderings through the scholastic maze" that traditional zoology had brought.
221	competent	/ˈkɒm.pɪ.tənt/	able to do something well	I wouldn't say he was brilliant but he is competent at his job.
222	efficiency	/ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/	the good use of time and energy in a way that does not waste any	What is so impressive about their society is the efficiency of the public services.
223	fundamental	/ˌfʌn.dəˈmen.təl/	forming the base, from which everything else develops	We need to make fundamental changes to the way in which we treat our environment.
224	percentage	/pəˈsen.tɪdʒ/	an amount of something, often expressed as a number out of 100	What percentage of women return to work after having a baby?
225	relinquish	/rɪˈlɪŋ.kwɪʃ/	to give up something such as a responsibility or claim	He has relinquished his claim to the throne.
226	compute	/kəmˈpjuːt/	to calculate an answer or amount by using a machine	Compute the ratio of the object's height to its weight
227	exceed	/ɪkˈsiːd/	to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed limit	The success of our campaign has exceeded our wildest expectations
228	futile	/ˈfjuː.taɪl/	(of actions) having no effect or achieving nothing	Attempts to get supplies to the region are futile because troops will not allow the aid convoy to enter the city.
229	prestige	/presˈtiːʒ/	respect and admiration given to someone or something, usually because of a reputation for high quality, success, or social influence	The company has gained international prestige.
230	substantial	/səbˈstæn.ʃəl/	large in size, value, or importance	The findings show a substantial difference between the opinions of men and women.
231	cancel	/ˈkæn.səl/	to decide that an organized event will not happen, or to stop an order for goods or services that you no longer want	They had to cancel tomorrow's game because of the bad weather
232	economical	/ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl/	not using a lot of fuel, money, etc.	There's increasing demand for cars that are more economical on fuel.
233	logical	/ˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/	using reason	Students need the ability to construct a logical argument.
234	metropolitan	/ˌmet.rəˈpɒl.ɪ.tən/	relating to a large city	He was drawn to the metropolitan glamour and excitement of Paris.
235	stationery	/ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər.i/	the things needed for writing, such as paper, pens, pencils, and envelopes	Consumables included, for example, bowel preparation (4), gloves, paper mats, polypectomy snares, biopsies (required for around 27% of examinations) and administrative requisites, such as stationery, postage, and telephone charges.
236	compensate	/ˈkɒm.pən.seɪt/	to pay someone money in exchange for something that has been lost or damaged or for some problem	Victims of the crash will be compensated for their injuries.
237	financial	/faɪˈnæn.ʃəl/	relating to money or how money is managed	Similarly, their reward was neither fully local and financial nor completely global and philosophical.
238	memorandum	/ˌmem.əˈræn.dəm/	a short written report prepared specially for a person or group of people that contains information about a particular matter	Michael Davis has prepared a memorandum outlining our need for an additional warehouse.
239	recognition	/ˌrek.əɡˈnɪʃ.ən/	agreement that something is true or legal	It's a new country, hoping for diplomatic recognition from the international community.
240	utility	/juːˈtɪl.ə.ti/	a service that is used by the public, such as an electricity or gas supply or a train service	There are also chapters on moving within and without the capital, utilities, manufacturing, clerical services, financial services, welfare and government.
241	accord	/əˈkɔːd/	(a formal) agreement	Before 1987, the accord between the Labour government and the unions was a simple affair.
242	chaos	/ˈkeɪ.ɒs/	a state of total confusion with no order	Snow and ice have caused chaos on the roads
243	debris	/ˈdeb.riː/	broken or torn pieces of something larger	Debris from the aircraft was scattered over a large area.
244	kennel	/ˈken.əl/	a small, usually wooden, shelter for a dog to sleep in outside	We left our dog at the kennel when we went away.
245	mechanism	/ˈmek.ə.nɪ.zəm/	a part of a machine, or a set of parts that work together	These automatic cameras have a special focusing mechanism.
246	approximate	/əˈprɒk.sɪ.mət/	not completely accurate but close	The train's approximate time of arrival is 10.30.
247	coincide	/ˌkəʊ.ɪnˈsaɪd/	to happen at or near the same time	I timed my holiday to coincide with the children's.
248	elaborate	/iˈlæb.ər.ət/	containing a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts	You want a plain blouse to go with that skirt - nothing too elaborate.
249	manual	/ˈmæn.ju.əl/	done with the hands	She tried to cure the pain in my knee by putting manual pressure on the joint.
250	surplus	/ˈsɜː.pləs/	(an amount that is) more than is needed	The world is now producing large food surpluses.
251	abrupt	/əˈbrʌpt/	sudden and unexpected, and often unpleasant	Our conversation came to an abrupt end when George burst into the room.
252	confirm	/kənˈfɜːm/	to make an arrangement or meeting certain, often by phone or writing	Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.
253	infinite	/ˈɪn.fɪ.nət/	without limits; extremely large or great	The universe is theoretically infinite
254	probability	/ˌprɒb.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/	the level of possibility of something happening or being true	The probability of getting all the answers correct is about one in ten.
255	random	/ˈræn.dəm/	happening, done, or chosen by chance rather than according to a plan	We asked a random sample/selection of people what they thought.
256	commit	/kəˈmɪt/	to do something illegal or something that is considered wrong	He was sent to prison for a crime that he didn't commit.
257	inert	/ɪˈnɜːt/	not moving or not able to move	The inert figure of a man could be seen lying in the front of the car.
258	magnitude	/ˈmæɡ.nɪ.tʃuːd/	the large size or importance of something	They don't seem to grasp the magnitude of the problem.
259	radiate	/ˈreɪ.di.eɪt/	to produce heat and/or light, or (of heat or light) to be produced	The planet Jupiter radiates twice as much heat from inside as it receives from the Sun.
260	repel	/rɪˈpel/	to force someone or something to stop moving towards you or attacking you	It is not true that eating garlic repels mosquitoes.
261	aerial	/ˈeə.ri.əl/	a structure made of metal rods or wires that receives or sends out radio or television signals	Owners are responsible for the siting of television aerials and satellite dishes on their property.
262	diversity	/daɪˈvɜː.sə.ti/	the fact of many different types of things or people being included in something; a range of different things or people	Does television adequately reflect the ethnic and cultural diversity of the country?
263	exotic	/ɪɡˈzɒt.ɪk/	unusual and exciting because of coming (or seeming to come) from far away, especially a tropical country	The courtyard was full of exotic plants in terracotta pots.
264	glacial	/ˈɡleɪ.ʃəl/	made or left by a glacier	There is a general correspondence between glacials in different regions.
265	tributary	/ˈtrɪb.jə.tər.i/	a river or stream that flows into a larger river or a lake	They conducted regional trade, including the tributary trade, using their own networks.
266	barren	/ˈbær.ən/	unable to produce plants or fruit	We drove through a barren, rocky landscape.
267	ecosystem	/ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm/	all the living things in an area and the way they affect each other and the environment	Pollution can have disastrous effects on the delicately balanced ecosystem.
268	geological	/ˌdʒi.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/	relating to geology, or to the geology of a particular area or place	A pure quartz reagent blank and several certified geological reference standards, as well as internal laboratory standards, were analysed with these samples.
269	navigable	/ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡə.bəl/	(of an area of water) deep, wide, or safe enough for a boat to go through	That stretch of river is too shallow to be navigable.
270	via	/ˈvaɪə/	going through or stopping at a place on the way to another place	The London-Addis flight goes via Rome
271	alternate	/ˈɒl.tə.neɪt/	to happen or exist one after the other repeatedly	She alternated between cheerfulness and deep despair.
272	effect	/ɪˈfekt/	the result of a particular influence	The radiation leak has had a disastrous effect on/upon the environment.
273	inquisitive	/ɪnˈkwɪz.ə.tɪv/	wanting to discover as much as you can about things, sometimes in a way that annoys people	She could see inquisitive faces looking out from the windows next door.
274	propel	/prəˈpel/	to push or move something somewhere, often with a lot of force	The Kon-Tiki sailed across the Pacific Ocean propelled by wind power
275	unpredicable	/ˌʌn.prɪˈdɪk.tə.bəl/	likely to change suddenly and without reason and therefore not able to be predicted (= expected before it happens) or depended on	The hours in this job are very unpredictable - you sometimes have to work late at very short notice.
276	challenge	/ˈtʃæl.ɪndʒ/	(the situation of being faced with) something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability	Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest challenges faced by scientists today.
277	encounter	/ɪnˈkaʊn.tər/	a meeting, especially one that happens by chance	I had an alarming encounter with a wild pig
278	poach	/pəʊtʃ/	to cook something such as a fish, or an egg with its shell removed, by putting it in gently boiling water or other liquid	We had poached eggs for breakfast.
279	universal	/ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.səl/	existing everywhere or involving everyone	Food, like sex, is a subject of almost universal interest.
280	vital	/ˈvaɪ.təl/	necessary for the success or continued existence of something; extremely important	She had found out some information of vital importance.
281	capacity	/kəˈpæs.ə.ti/	the total amount that can be contained or produced	The stadium has a seating capacity of 50,000.
282	intermediate	/ˌɪn.təˈmiː.di.ət/	being between two other related things, levels, or points	There are three levels of difficulty in this game  low, intermediate, and high.
283	minimum	/ˈmɪn.ɪ.məm/	the smallest amount or number allowed or possible	Wage increases are being kept to a minimum because of the recession.
284	prompt	/prɒmpt/	to make something happen	The bishop's speech has prompted an angry response from both political parties.
285	speculate	/ˈspek.jə.leɪt/	to guess possible answers to a question when you do not have enough information to be certain	I don't know why she did it - I'm just speculating.
286	digital	/ˈdɪdʒ.ɪ.təl/	recording or storing information as a series of the numbers 1 and 0, to show that a signal is present or absent	The advantages of digital delivery are apparent, but unlike traditional publications, digital subscriptions are commonly not housed within national boundaries.
287	intricate	/ˈɪn.trɪ.kət/	having a lot of small parts that are arranged in a complicated or delicate way	The watch mechanism is extremely intricate and very difficult to repair.
288	perpetual	/pəˈpetʃ.u.əl/	continuing for ever in the same way	They lived in perpetual fear of being discovered.
289	reception	/rɪˈsep.ʃən/	a formal party at which important people are welcomed	The president gave a reception for the visiting heads of state.
290	stability	/stəˈbɪl.ə.ti/	a situation in which something is not likely to move or change	a period of political stability
291	connifer	/ˈkɒn.ɪ.fər/	one of various types of evergreen tree (= one that never loses its leaves) that produce hard oval-shaped fruit called cones	For conifers, mature male cones only were used for flowering phenology.
292	involuntary	/ɪnˈvɒl.ən.tər.i/	not done by choice; done unwillingly, or without the decision or intention of the person involved	A sharp tap on the knee usually causes an involuntary movement of the lower leg.
293	precaution	/prɪˈkɔː.ʃən/	an action that is done to prevent something unpleasant or dangerous happening	Many people have been stockpiling food as a precaution against shortages.
294	preliminary	/prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i/	coming before a more important action or event, especially introducing or preparing for it	Preliminary results show that the vaccine is effective, but this has to be confirmed by further medical trials.
295	stationary	/ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər.i/	not moving, or not changing	The traffic got slower and slower until it was stationary.
296	germinate	/ˈdʒɜː.mɪ.neɪt/	to (cause a seed to) start growing	The beans will only germinate if the temperature is warm enough.
297	photosynthesis	/ˌfəʊ.təʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/	the process by which a plant uses the energy from the light of the sun to produce its own food	Their restriction to shallow marine environments suggests that photosynthesis was the primary means of organic matter production for these benthic communities.
298	precise	/prɪˈsaɪs/	exact and accurate	The bunker's precise location is a closely guarded secret.
299	proportion	/prəˈpɔː.ʃən/	the number or amount of a group or part of something when compared to the whole	Children make up a large proportion of the world's population.
300	submerge	/səbˈmɜːdʒ/	to go below or make something go below the surface of the sea or a river or lake	The submarine submerged when enemy planes were sighted